1. Treating the essay as a writing test
2. Telling your life story instead of a slice
3. Turning hardship into a checklist
4. Hiding behind generic achievement stories
5. Writing what you think colleges want
6. Overediting your voice
7. Ignoring prompts and recycling essays
8. Forgetting the reader is skimming
9. Overusing clichés and abstractions
10. Waiting too long to draft
11. International student pitfalls
12. Ethics and authenticity
13. Final checklist and next steps